Kunming: From "Spring City" to "Sun City"

According to incomplete statistics, there are currently at least 100 cities in China that have proposed the slogan of “low-carbon cities,” and none of the provinces are absent.

Since the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan”, the Kunming municipal party committee and government have proposed the goal of building a low-carbon Kunming for low-carbon construction, low-carbon development, energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental protection, and established a strategy for developing a low-carbon economy and building a low-carbon city. .

In 2010, the “Low-carbon Construction Leading Group” was established in Kunming with the mayor as the leader, and the Kunming Low-carbon Urban Development Research Center was responsible for the related research work on “low-carbon Kunming” construction. In 2012, the “Kunming City Low Carbon Development and Climate Change Work Leading Group” was established with the mayor as its leader, and a special working office was set up. With such high-standard equipment, the degree of importance attached to the construction of "low-carbon cities" in Kunming is evident.

Recently, during a formal friendly visit to Kunming by the delegation of the Zurich City Government of Switzerland and the Swiss Embassy in China, the two parties reached an agreement on the second phase of Kunming's participation in the “China Low-Carbon Cities” project. This means that the content of the cooperation between the two cities of Kunsu and Suoyou will add a new one, and will further accelerate the green and low-carbon "Kunming pursuit."

Advantage

"Everything is right and good"

In November 2012, after Yunnan Province became the country's first batch of low-carbon pilot provinces and districts, Kunming City successfully applied for the second batch of pilot projects for low-carbon cities in the country.

Kunming is not yelling at the "low-carbon" slogan. In the eyes of the head of Kunming Development and Reform Commission's Climate Change Department, Kunming's choice of a low-carbon city pilot is both an advantage and a positive positioning, and it also has the advantage of low-carbon “early and favourable people”.

This person in charge said that the city's low-carbon development depends on whether the city's own conditions are in line. Compared with other cities, Kunming has excellent basic conditions:

First, the climate resources are good. Sunshine length, short frost period, annual average temperature of 15 °C, urban temperature between 0 ~ 29 °C, the annual temperature difference is the smallest in the country, winter does not require heating, summer does not need to cool, building energy consumption belongs to the national lower level.

The second is rich in renewable energy. The annual sunshine rate in Kunming is as high as 80%, with an average annual sunshine of 2250 hours. The solar energy resources are abundant, and the application of solar hot water systems has reached 52.86%, ranking the top in the country. Kunming currently has more than 130 solar photovoltaic, light and heat product R&D and production supporting companies, and has strong research and production supporting capabilities.

The third is rich carbon sink resources. In 2013, the city’s forest coverage rate reached 48%, forest reserves were 56.595 million cubic meters, the main urban green coverage rate was 44%, and per capita public green area reached 15 square meters. In the process of aggressively controlling Dianchi Lake, Kunming City vigorously carried out ecological wetland restoration projects. By the end of 2013, 5.5 million mu of lakeside ecological wetland had been built along the lake in Dianchi Lake. The city has carried out studies on the carbon sequestration capacity and potential assessment of different plant communities in plateau wetlands.

It is in such a situation that the low-carbon city of Kunming goes from the paper to the ground and moves from the geographical edge to the center of the spotlight.

Ideas

Tailor-made low carbon road

In January 2012, the "Kunming City Overall Plan for the Development of Low-carbon Economy (2011-2020)" was promulgated. In April 2013, the Department of Climate of the National Development and Reform Commission approved the "Preliminary Implementation Plan for the Low-carbon City Trial in Kunming City." The municipal finance allocates 10 million yuan each year as a special fund for low-carbon development in Kunming. A series of related regulations and policies including the “Opinions of the Communist Party of China Kunming Municipal Committee, the People’s Government of Kunming Municipality on the Construction of Low-carbon Kunming” and the “Kunming City People’s Government Implementation Plan for Low-carbon Kunming Construction” were issued to create “low-carbon Kunming” and Kunming City. Successive pilot cooperation on low-carbon development has been carried out in transportation, construction, and low-carbon city management capabilities.

Different from developed cities and coastal cities in eastern China, Kunming has tailored a low-carbon road for itself – building Kunming into a leading low-carbon economic city in western China and a famous “solar city” in China. The general train of thought for the development of a low-carbon economy during the "Twelfth Five-Year" period in Kunming City.

“In the low-carbon development model, localities should take advantage of local characteristics and advantages, and formulate them from different perspectives, instead of simply mimicking existing models in other places.” The general idea of ​​professionals in developing low-carbon economy in Kunming shows It is highly recognized that Kunming has a wealth of new energy industries such as solar energy and biomass energy, and it has a strong sunshine intensity for a long time. It has a good scientific research foundation and has the advantage of developing a “sunshine economy”. With Kunming's four seasons as spring, the industry is not yet developed and the air has not been polluted. The development of "biomass energy economy" and "low-carbon agricultural economy" should be the only choice.

action

Renewable energy applications are at the forefront

Low-carbon cities, Kunming is already in action.

According to statistics from the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, there are more than 130 solar photovoltaic and solar thermal product R&D and production supporting companies in Kunming, which have strong research and production supporting capabilities. With the development of renewable energy building applications in Kunming City in recent years, the utilization of food waste in kitchens and the construction of pilot cities for harmless treatment, and the construction of the second batch of pilot cities for low-carbon transportation systems in China, photovoltaic power generation has been promoted. New energy development and utilization technologies represented by wind power generation, waste power generation, and the like have been demonstrated and applied in the fields of energy, construction, and municipal administration. At present, the use of renewable energy in Kunming City accounts for 18% of primary energy and is at the leading level in the country.

Today's Kunming, renewable energy represented by solar energy has been widely used in urban and rural areas, including solar integrated buildings, rural electrification, solar street lighting, highway monitoring systems, and independent power supply systems. Relying on the advantages of superior natural conditions and the ever-increasing level of development and utilization of solar photovoltaic technology, Kunming's renewable energy applications have been at the forefront of the development of the industry.

Relevant statistics show that in addition to the solar energy industry, the main projects of Kunming's new energy industry are photovoltaic power stations, wind power stations, hydropower stations, and waste incineration power stations. In the past 3-5 years, the installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation, hydropower, and wind power in Kunming is new each year. Increase the speed of 150-200,000 kilowatts steadily.

Taking wind energy development as an example, Kunming has gradually achieved large-scale development: By the end of 2013, the city had planned more than 70 wind farms and built 6 wind farms.

layout

Build a low-carbon and high-efficiency modern economic development system

How to show low carbon advantage? Kunming is meticulously building a modern economic development system with outstanding characteristics, reasonable layout, and low carbon and high efficiency from the industrial layout.

The inner circle centered on Kunming's central city mainly develops urban industry and high-tech industries. The middle circle, with the suburbs as the core, mainly develops the modern manufacturing industry, while the suburbs and counties support the development of the specialty industry.

According to a person in charge of the Climate Change Department of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, tobacco and tourism in the city’s leading industries are among industries with low carbon emissions, and industries such as culture, trade logistics, new energy, optoelectronics, and biotechnology that are accelerating development will It is conducive to the transformation of the economic development mode of Kunming.

In addition, Kunming is phasing out low-end manufacturing, advancing toward advanced manufacturing, and continuing to achieve a new transformation and upgrading of the industrial economy. The most significant change is that in recent years, the added value of high-tech industries in Kunming has increased at an average annual rate of more than 20%, and the added value of high-tech industrial industries accounts for more than 20% of the city's industrial added value. The city has entered the middle stage of industrial development and is gradually forming an industrial structure based on agriculture, high-tech industries as the guide, basic industries and manufacturing as a support, and the service industry has developed in an all-round manner. The degree of industrial structure competitiveness has entered the top ten for the first time in the country. .

In the face of the new low-carbon concept, under the market economy environment, how to enable enterprises to actively participate in low-carbon initiatives in transition will require government action. In this regard, Kunming has also gone ahead.

Kunming encourages enterprises to implement energy conservation and consumption reduction and comprehensive utilization of resources, accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity and inefficient motor products, establish energy control centers, carry out research and development, production, development and utilization of new energy and renewable energy for energy conservation technologies and products, and support enterprises. Comprehensive utilization of resources and the implementation of cleaner production are given different degrees of reward.

At present, Kunming has implemented 56 key projects that have been completed and are underway. The coverage mechanism is institutionally innovated, piloted and piloted beforehand, energy structure is optimized and adjusted, industrial systems are low-carbon, low-carbon transportation, low-carbon buildings, and carbon sink capacity are improved. The carbon life has been promoted in a total of 8 areas, accounting for 65.9% of the 85 key projects approved by the state for the “Implementation Plan for Low-carbon Cities in Kunming City”. It is expected that by 2015, all tasks, actions and projects can be fully implemented.

In order to save resources and reduce emissions and promote “low-carbon life”, Kunming will implement low-carbon energy construction, development of low-carbon emerging industries, industrial energy conservation and energy efficiency, “carbon neutral” tourism construction, low-carbon agricultural development, and low Carbon construction, low-carbon transportation, urban carbon sink, low-carbon life and pilot demonstration projects; completed the promotion of low-carbon energy structure, promoted the development of low-carbon industry, promoted low-carbon urban construction, promote low-carbon life, and create a low-carbon society 4 Task.

Exploring the low-carbon development in Kunming is a relentless pursuit of “sustainable and comprehensive development”. Kunming's pursuit of green, low-carbon development is at its feet.