Nowadays, the camera of the smart phone has changed dramatically from the hardware and camera performance. In the past, the camera of our mobile phone was still in the stage of 300,000 and 2 million pixels, but in a blink of an eye, the mobile phone camera has reached the mainstream of 8 million. Even 13 million. In addition to the improvement in pixels, the core component of another camera, the sensor of the camera has also made great progress. Now the cameras of mainstream mobile phones use both back-illuminated and stacked-type sensors, so between them What is the difference? Next, I will give you a popular science.
Back-illuminated sensor
First, let's take a look at the difference between the currently popular back-illuminated sensors and the traditional ones. The entire photodiode of the sensor of the conventional camera is located at the lowermost layer of the photoreceptor chip, and the A/D converter and the amplifying circuit of the sensor are located at the upper position of the photodiode, so the distance from the photodiode to the lens is relatively long, and the light reaches the requirement. Higher.
In addition, the line connection layer on the upper layer of the conventional photosensitive chip also reflects light, affecting the intensity of light reaching the photodiode, thereby reducing the amount of light received by the sensor. Therefore, under normal circumstances, the traditional camera sensor is no problem when taking photos with sufficient sunlight, but in the case of low light, the performance will be a bit "stretched", it is difficult to shoot bright in low light conditions. , good quality photos.
Comparison of traditional and back-illuminated CMOS structures
In order to improve this situation, the back-illuminated sensor has its meaning. Compared with ordinary sensors, the camera with back-illuminated sensor can improve the light-emitting environment by about 30%-50%. Photographic ability to take higher quality photos in low light.
Back-illuminated sensor structure diagram
So why is the sensitivity of the back-illuminated sensor so much improved? That's because the back-illuminated sensor is simply thinner than previous sensors, with better image quality and lower noise. It interchanges the position of the photosensitive layer and the substrate, and directly contacts the light-transmissive surface, thereby reducing the loss of light in the intermediate link, and each corresponding pixel surface on the light-transmissive surface is changed into a lens form to concentrate more concentratedly. The external light reaches the corresponding pixel, which reduces the extra light interference between the pixels (also referred to as increasing the aperture ratio).
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