Use Ohm's law: voltage = current x resistance.
Under AC, voltage=current×impedance. Here, voltage, current, and impedance all have phases. Complex numbers in mathematics are widely used in electrical engineering, and voltage, current, and impedance are all calculated with complex numbers, which is more convenient.
Formula: I=U divided by R, current is in amperes, voltage is in volts, and resistance is in ohms.
1. If there is only one resistor in the same circuit, it can be said to have nothing to do with voltage. The voltage is only artificially added to the two ends of the resistor, and has nothing to do with the size of the resistor.
2. If there are other electrical appliances in the same circuit besides this resistor, then the voltage will be affected. However, its impact is only the distribution of voltage among various electrical appliances. That is, the larger the resistance, the larger the power supply voltage distributed by the resistance itself, and the smaller the voltage across other electrical appliances.
3. In essence, resistance cannot hinder voltage. Resistance hinders the current. You can analyze it from a microscopic perspective. The current is a carrier, and they pass through the resistance together, just as if an uneven road blocks them. And the ratio of the number of carriers blocked by the resistance is constant, so if you want to increase the current passing through, you must increase the voltage to increase the number of carriers. However, the ratio of the quantity hindered by the resistance has not changed, and the ratio is still that large.
Units and symbols of resistance voltage and current
Let's do an analog circuit experiment below. The circuit consists of ammeter, voltmeter, resistor, switch and battery pack.
When switch S1 is closed, the voltmeter displays 4.5 volts and the ammeter displays 0.45 amps. The resistance of R2 is fixed. What is the relationship between the current on the resistor and the voltage across it? Change the voltage of the battery pack, the ammeter shows 0.3A. Sliding the resistance of R1 will change the values ​​displayed by the voltmeter and ammeter. Draw a conclusion: the relationship between the current in the circuit and the voltage and resistance, the current increases with the increase of the voltage, and decreases with the increase of the resistance.
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