What is the principle of high frequency switching power supply circuit?

What is a switching power supply

The traditional method of converting AC power to DC power is rectification, and the machine that accomplishes this function is called a rectifier. The common switching power supply used now only completes the rectification, inverts at a higher frequency, and then rectifies the process. Compared with the traditional rectifier circuit, its advantages are small size, light weight, high conversion efficiency, stable power quality and so on.

High frequency switching power supply circuit

1. Main circuit

The whole process from AC grid input and DC output includes:

1. Input filter: its function is to filter the clutter that exists in the power grid, and it also prevents the clutter generated by the machine from being fed back to the public grid.

2. Rectification and filtering: Directly rectify the AC power of the grid into a smoother DC for the next level of transformation.

3. Inverter: Convert the rectified direct current into high-frequency alternating current, which is the core part of the high-frequency switching power supply. The higher the frequency, the smaller the ratio of volume, weight and output power.

4. Output rectification and filtering: Provide a stable and reliable DC power supply according to the needs of the load.

2. Control circuit

On the one hand, samples are taken from the output terminal and compared with the set standard, and then the inverter is controlled to change its frequency or pulse width to achieve stable output. On the other hand, according to the information provided by the test circuit, it is identified by the protection circuit to provide The control circuit carries out various protection measures for the whole machine.

Three, detection circuit

In addition to providing various parameters in operation in the protection circuit, it also provides various display instrument data.

Four, auxiliary power

Provide all the different requirements power of a single circuit.

Principle of high frequency switching power supply

The high frequency switching power supply (also known as the switching rectifier SMR) works through the high frequency of MOSFET or IGBT, and the switching frequency is generally controlled in the range of 50-100kHz to achieve high efficiency and miniaturization.

Under high-frequency working conditions, the electromagnetic conversion speed of the transformer is fast, so that when the same energy is converted, the energy stored in the transformer per unit time can be greatly reduced, thereby greatly reducing the size of the transformer and the loss in the transformer, thus starting To reduce weight and improve efficiency.

High frequency switching power supply function

(1) Communicate with the monitoring center through MODEM and telephone network, and read the information of the high-frequency switching power supply from the communication port;

(2) Measure the output current and voltage of the module, the DC bus current and voltage, the output current and voltage of the power supply, the battery charging and discharging current and voltage, etc.;

(3) Control the output current and steady current of the power supply, and control the switch of the power supply, etc.;

(4) Control the high-frequency switching power supply to realize the automatic conversion of the battery floating charging and equalizing charging modes;

(5) Control the automatic or manual switching of the silicon chain to ensure the voltage stabilization accuracy of the control bus, thereby ensuring the reliability of the protection of the microcomputer and the transistor, and preventing the protection from malfunctioning;

(6) Adjust the charging current limit value and the total output current steady current value;

(7) It has local and remote control modes, and adopts password permission or prohibition mode operation to enhance the reliability of system operation.

The role of high-frequency switching power supply in the electronics industry is huge. In the application of power electronic technology and various power supply systems, switching power supply technology is at the core. The realization of switching power supplies with high frequency, modularization, digitization, and greening will mark the maturity of these technologies and realize the combination of high-efficiency power consumption and high-quality power consumption.

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