HD surveillance is born out of the network. As the eye of the surveillance system, the choice of HD front-end is the first step. The quality of the front end directly affects the monitoring effect. The HD front-end is still relatively new. The product category has not yet formed the same size as the analog camera, but the basic type of optional space is still relatively large, and can be adapted to a variety of applications through combination.
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Front-end selection concerns
1. HD network camera or HD video server
Because the HD network camera is an integrated structure, the product is simple and easy to apply, and it has become the subject of application.
The HD video server is used to connect HD cameras. It is also a good choice when the current HD network is not very rich, leaving more choices to HD cameras.
2. CCD or CMOS
At present, the imaging components of high-definition network cameras generally use CMOS or CCD.
CMOS has a large proportion in high-definition surveillance due to its extremely high cost performance. The mature CMOS technology can provide higher definition images, leaving a lot of room for the development of network cameras. From the application point of view, CMOS still has inherent shortcomings and poor adaptability to low illumination. But this will not affect its ability to become the main force of HD cameras.
CCD high-definition camera can adapt to low-light environment, and the image has better motion characteristics. As a megapixel network camera, it is a good choice, but the general price is high. Therefore, the economics of using scenarios and systems should be considered in the selection.
3.H.264 or MPEG4
The improvement of image sharpness places high demands on image processing and transmission. Both MPEG4 and H.264 encoding technologies are used in the current high-definition front-end. The maturity of the technology is quite the same. The compressed image requires a slightly higher bandwidth than the latter, but the price of the product is different. In the application, it is necessary to examine the scale of the system and the network environment. In the comprehensive economic factors, we can make a choice.
4. Frontend storage
High-definition surveillance is often a more important occasion, and the security of images is high, especially to prevent the impact of accidental failures from the network. It is a good measure to store the front end. The image is compressed and encoded on the front end and stored on the local storage medium. The storage environment of the image can be effectively guaranteed regardless of changes in the network environment. However, most HD front-ends do not have a built-in hard disk. Instead, they use a memory card as a medium. Improper measures may cause the media to be scrapped early. In this case, you need to collaborate with the back end.
Back-end systems often come in two forms: a monitoring management platform (CMS) and a network video recorder (NVR). CMS tends to focus on networking features, focusing on large-capacity forwarding, storage, and user management. It is a relatively high-level part, and the closest thing to the HD camera business should be the NVR, so the back-end we focus on in the HD surveillance system will Mainly NVR.
Backend concerns
NVR is also a product of network monitoring. Before the high-definition monitoring, the NVR appears as the DVR terminator image. In the high-definition surveillance system, the NVR will be a new force and serve as the protagonist of this market. The choice of NVR in HD monitoring system should focus on the following aspects:
Image storage
High-definition monitoring will increase the recording storage space, so there must be enough storage space for video storage, and the storage requirements are higher in specific professional situations. The NVR needs to have enough storage space and can be easily expanded when it needs to be expanded. Currently, common storage expansion devices include eSATA arrays and IPSan arrays, which is often an important indicator for measuring the scalability of an NVR.
On the other hand, professional places have high requirements for video security, and the reliability of storage media will be more important. Generally speaking, there are two ways to improve the security of storage in the industry. One is the wheel break of a disk. In a plurality of disks, only one disk works at a time, and the non-working hard disk is in a sleep state, which indirectly improves the use of the disk. The second is to use RAID technology, which is commonly used in storage arrays. For occasional disk failures, image data can be easily restored after disk replacement. In general, these two characteristics are also the distinguishing identifiers of commercial and professional systems.
2. Image preview
Image local decoding display is a basic feature of NVR products. Due to the high-definition image resolution requirements, the NVR is generally required to decode and restore the image of the HD camera. If the camera is 1920*1080, the NVR must at least support the display of 1920*1080 images. Since the decoding of high-definition images requires a lot of resources, if the NVR accesses 16 channels of high-definition images, it is impossible to simultaneously perform 16-channel high-definition simultaneous decoding display, and it is not necessary. At this time, multi-streaming technology can be used. HD decoding shows that multi-picture decodes lower resolution images.
The device generally requires a VGA interface for local decoding and display, and can be connected to a high-priced VGA monitor, and should also have a high-definition interface such as HDMI to adapt to more professional applications.
3.ANR function
The positioning of the high-definition monitoring application market determines the multi-faceted quality requirements of the monitoring system. A good NVR device should take into account the risk of image loss caused by the possible failure of the network, and it is also easy for users to understand and use. . At this time, ANR technology is a very good solution. Both high-definition network cameras and high-definition NVRs require this technology capability to coordinate storage without wasting storage resources and without losing images during a failure due to network failure.
4. Access the platform to build large applications
From the current point of view, most of the high-definition surveillance systems are still used in the industry's private network. The browsing of high-definition images is not limited to the local, but can be applied to all aspects of the industry. Therefore, it has become an inevitable requirement for NVR and HD network cameras to access large video surveillance management platforms. Thus, a high-definition network camera and a small group of dumbbell structures can form a huge application network through the interconnection of platforms. In a high-definition system, whether the back-end has the ability to form a large network becomes an important measure.
Common problem solving
High-definition network cameras have made a qualitative leap in image clarity, but they also bring a series of real-world problems to HD surveillance systems:
Network bandwidth is tight: the higher the resolution and the higher the resolution, the more the code stream will increase when data is transmitted, increasing the network bandwidth pressure.
Large storage space: double the data traffic, increase the recording capacity, and put pressure on network storage.
The requirements for central control, management software and hardware performance have multiplied;
The workload for managing video images and post-mortem analysis will also multiply;
The investment cost is high.
Therefore, while pursuing high image quality, we must also consider solving the above problems for our customers.
HD monitoring on-demand application
The technical challenges faced by the above high-definition monitoring can be solved by application. According to the current status quo, users should not blindly pursue high definition. If all front-end monitoring points use high-definition network cameras, and all use real-time high-definition transmission, the storage and transmission of the back-end will cause great pressure and waste of cost and efficiency. Therefore, we should design suitable solutions according to the needs of users, such as designing and installing high-definition megapixel network cameras in high-risk places. Normally, only normal resolution (CIF, D1) is used to transmit real-time video images, and alarm conditions occur. High-resolution images are transmitted in high-pixel JPEG format for easy viewing and control of details. This can greatly alleviate network pressure, storage pressure, and reduce investment costs.
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