GPS technology has been widely used and developed in intelligent transportation systems. Twenty-nine of the 43 user services in China's intelligent transportation system framework need to know the real-time location of the vehicle, thus achieving functions such as monitoring, scheduling, and navigation. The application of GPS in intelligent transportation systems is closely related to wireless mobile communication technologies, intelligent navigation terminals, and electronic maps.
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Key Technologies of GPS in the Development of Intelligent Transportation
Wireless mobile communication technology
At present, in order to achieve wide coverage and reduce system input costs, GPS systems generally adopt mature public mobile communication networks as communication channels. The more advanced communication networks currently available for GPS are the GPRS network and CDMA1X. The transmission speed theory based on GPRS network can reach more than 100kbps, and the CDMA1X network officially opened in 2003 adopts reverse coherent demodulation, forward fast power control and other technologies, and the theoretical bandwidth can reach 300kb/s. At about 100 kb/s (bidirectional symmetric transmission), the transmission rate is higher than GPRS, which can provide more medium and high rate services. Shenzhou Digital, Anhua Beidou, Aoxing and other companies recently launched an intelligent transportation system based on CDMA1X wireless communication, which supports real-time GPS vehicle positioning, monitoring, and driving information collection (such as vehicle ID, vehicle speed, latitude, longitude, latitude, direction, etc.) . In the future, with the transition of 2.5G CDMA1X/GPRS to 3G networks, the spectrum efficiency will be higher and higher, and the supported rate will be higher and higher, increasing to several hundred kbps in the early 3G, and then to several Mbps in 3G enhanced mode. Then to 3G to further enhance the tens of Mbps or even hundreds of Mbps, and then to the super 3G (B3G) of hundreds of Mbps ~ 1Gbps, GPS will be able to achieve more video new services.
Intelligent navigation terminal
In developed countries, car navigation is very mature. Japan's car navigation development is the world's leading. At present, more than 80% of new cars are equipped with car navigation, with electronic maps covering the whole country. The unique quasi-3G wireless communication network enables drivers to achieve broadband Internet access in the car. Japan has realized the real-time release of road information in almost all cities. Due to huge market potential and immeasurable development prospects, almost all car manufacturers in Japan have participated in this high-tech competition, such as HTC, Nissan, Honda, Mazda, Mitsubishi and Panasonic, Pioneer, Alpine, Kenwood, etc. The company has developed its own car navigation products. Other developed countries in the world such as the United States, Germany, and the Netherlands are not far behind. In the United States, the original car is equipped with navigation equipment, and users of mid-range models can choose to install or install the car and install it themselves. The attached electronic map can cover the whole of North America and the European Union. In Europe, the car navigation system developed by Philips and Siemens has been used in popular civilian vehicles such as Renault and Fiat in 1995.
In China, Anhua Beidou, Aoxing and other companies recently launched GPS navigation devices that support CDMA1X communication functions, which are roughly equivalent to foreign navigation devices, enabling navigation functions, electronic maps, voice prompting functions, positioning functions, and speed measurement functions. Show track. It is worth expecting that the new GPS satellite navigator newly developed by the traditional manufacturer Xinke has six characteristics: it has electronic maps in Europe and America and all over China; fast path search only needs to input the local name, and the new GPS will automatically design the route; unique Voice prompts, you can choose different local dialects for navigation in the country, there are more than ten different voices abroad; convenient and fast large-screen touch LCD screen; sound FM transmission, can transmit navigation voice or disc audio signals to the car The radio is FM, which is amplified by car audio; it can play DVD movies.
digital map
Most of the information of the intelligent transportation system needs to be represented by an electronic map. As an interactive product of spatial information, especially traffic information, the electronic map transmits the traffic route and the surrounding environment to the user in a visual sense. Most countries in Europe started to map electronically earlier, and the United Kingdom even started to map electronically in the 1970s. Japan is the first country in Asia to carry out geoinformatization work, and has been able to provide electronic map products to the society. At present, all countries in the world are drawing up "electronic maps" in an intensive way, and the main axis is the intelligent transportation system. As far as China is concerned, Shanghai Surveying and Mapping Institute is the earliest mapping agency to carry out map vectorization. At present, digital maps have been drawn successively in Beijing, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Guizhou and Hunan. The development trend of electronic maps in intelligent transportation systems is that information is large, detailed and supports dynamic changes.
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