With the concept of modern agriculture and new agriculture permeating and vocalization, with the development of urbanization becoming more and more fierce, the area of ​​cultivated land is becoming increasingly scarce, and the environment is becoming worse due to the long-term economic form, resulting in food safety issues. It is also becoming increasingly prominent.
With the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Agricultural Science and Technology Development (2011-2015)â€, “the key period for building a well-off society in an all-round way is to simultaneously advance the stage of agricultural modernization in the in-depth development of industrialization and urbanization, and ensure national food. The task of safety, increasing farmers' income and sustainable agricultural development is even more arduous. It is necessary to accelerate the advancement of agricultural science and technology and enhance the support of agricultural science and technology. The concept of the plant factory has also flourished in the policy new wind and entered the substantive application stage.
In 2016, the market demand for semiconductor lighting applications can be described as the east side of the sunrise in the west, the traditional alternative market such as LED lighting is accelerating penetration, and emerging market segments such as plant lighting have become hot spots in the market.
The arrival of the national “13th Five-Year Plan†will also include “LED energy-saving light source, three-dimensional soilless cultivation, light-temperature coupled energy-saving environment control, nutrient liquid regulation, network-based intelligent management, artificial light plant factory, natural light plant factory integration demonstration, etc. "The seven key development areas to alleviate the increasingly prominent food crisis, and thus promote the related research of various disciplines.
As the “LED energy-saving light source†in the seven key development areas, our UV LEDs are important in the field of plant factories and have a bright future.
The production efficiency of open field agriculture is directly related to the quality of light conditions. Then, the saturation of light depends on the severity of the weather. Similarly, the speed of plant growth is directly related to the weather affecting illumination.
The plant factory concept has many advantages: high production efficiency, good controllability and broad application prospects. In the plant factory, artificial light source is used to extend and supplement the sun light, and the required illumination is provided. Through the application of technical means and technical equipment such as soilless cultivation, special nutrient solution, ventilation, constant temperature and humidity, it is undoubtedly one. An efficient, harmless, high-tech agricultural model.
Different spectra in sunlight contribute to the photosynthesis of plants. The light in the range of 400-700 nm is the photosynthetically active radiation of plants, and the photosynthetic reaction process with plant carbohydrates.
According to the distinction between visible light and invisible light, the invisible light contains a wavelength band of less than 380 nm. This band is called "ultraviolet light" (abbreviated as UV), which is effective for radiation of plants. UV and far infrared light regulate plant growth and development. Function has important application value for agricultural production.
In the plant factory, the closed glass greenhouse or the solar greenhouse structure, with sunlight as the main light source, the UV radiation distribution in the room is closely related to the light transmittance of the glass, the shade net and the greenhouse film.
The above materials affect the absorption, filtration, occlusion, aging and other factors of natural light. The transmittance of ultraviolet light (UV) to these covering materials is only 15.9-21.1%, which greatly reduces the utilization quality of sunlight. The amount of ultraviolet (UV) radiation is greatly reduced.
The UV radiation of plants in traditional agricultural plants is also subject to the extreme non-uniformity of the UV radiation components and the distribution of light in traditional fill light fixtures, and to the effect of precise application of ultraviolet light (UV) on plant growth.
At present, traditional agricultural planting or artificial cultivation with fluorescent lamps, mercury lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps and other lamps is only the main spectrum of the combination of red and blue light emitted by LEDs, and it is obviously lacking the composition of the ultraviolet spectrum.
Due to the lack of ultraviolet light in the facility, the plant has serious growth and quality problems. The technical requirements for the optimization of the high-efficiency spectrum of the fill light are urgent. The LED is a new application light source that is energy-saving, controllable, adjustable and efficient. Breakthroughs and application technologies continue to expand.
The use and regulation of ultraviolet light by plant factories is very important for ensuring high quality and high yield. The application of artificially controlled ultraviolet (UV) light source to supplement UV radiation technology can reduce the chemical method leading to plant growth and improve plant quality, which is an important guarantee for the production of green organic food. .
However, so far, little research has been done on the nutritional quality of vegetables, especially the antioxidants, in the medium-long-wave ultraviolet light supplementation! Lack of technology and equipment for effective management of UV light.
UV artificial light control has good application value in realizing high quality and high yield of facilities horticulture, but in the application, the types and application targets of crops should be selected as the application dose and irradiation timing to ensure application safety. In the selection of crop types, vegetables and medicines It can be applied with plants, flowers and fruit trees.
The application target is mainly to control the growth of plants and improve the quality of crops, such as increasing the content of antioxidants in vegetables, increasing the accumulation of secondary metabolites in medicinal crops, and accelerating the synthesis and accumulation of chromogenic substances in flower leaves and petals.
In order to control the ultraviolet (UV) effect, the amount of UV radiation must be well controlled, such as short-term low-dose, intermittent repeated exposure, short-term exposure before harvesting, etc.
Therefore, the emergence of UV LEDs and large-scale application of artificial illumination to various plants in the field of agricultural lighting, energy saving, cold light source, long service life, small volume, pure light quality, high light efficiency, rich wavelength type, spectrum The outstanding advantages of easy energy recombination and convenient modulation will surely help the new round of plant factory mode to more rationally utilize the light source and wavelength band to meet the different needs of different plants for light.
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