7 large rational production processes allow the negative electrode to perform its own electrical properties

Editor's note

For the pole piece after rolling, the production process itself has been completed, and the negative electrode piece needs to exert its own electrical performance through a reasonable production process.

For lithium-ion battery companies, in the actual production process, the fluctuations and changes of these data can be monitored, so that abnormalities can be detected early and abnormalities can be eliminated, thereby achieving the purpose of smooth mass production. For the pole piece after rolling, the production process itself has been completed, and the negative electrode piece needs to exert its own electrical performance through a reasonable production process.

1, peel strength:

The material that is bonded together, the unit width peeling from the contact surface is the maximum force required. Generally, it is tested by a tensile tester. There are two kinds of test results, one is the peeling force, and the unit is Newton (N). Kilogram force (kgf), a characteristic of peel strength, expressed in units of length, in Newtons per meter, (N/m) kilogram force per centimeter (kgf/cm), now the industry standard GB2792 and ASTM D3330 have 25mm The standard width unit, its test equipment and test principle are shown below:

7 large rational production processes allow the negative electrode to perform its own electrical properties

Use the double-sided tape to fix the surface to be tested on the rigid bracket and the other side on the stainless steel plate. Then fix the stainless steel plate and current collector on the two fixtures of the equipment, start the test, and run the equipment at a certain speed and load. When the current collector is completely stripped, the force is the peeling force. It should be pointed out that the peeling strength of the front and back sides of a pole piece is often different. In the actual production process, it should be noted that the peel strength of the two sides is preferably not too different, and the difference is too large, which may cause yin and yang during use. The phenomenon of the surface affects the performance of the battery.

2, surface status:

The surface state is actually a very general concept. From a macroscopic point of view, the state of the pole piece that can be seen by the naked eye can be called the surface state. The good surface state of the negative electrode is smooth, free of particles and scratches, and it is also very touchy. Smooth; if it is visible to the naked eye, it indicates that there is a problem in the coating process, and the relevant parameters need to be adjusted. The microscopic properties of the pole pieces will be highlighted here.

7 large rational production processes allow the negative electrode to perform its own electrical properties

It can be clearly seen from the graph on the right that the distribution of the anode material and the conductive agent is uneven, and the anode material has obvious agglomeration. This distribution cannot be visually expressed in a macroscopic manner. If the conductive agent is unevenly distributed, the battery will be used during use. The impedance increases, the local current density is too large, causing local lithium deposition and the like. Therefore, in practice, it is necessary to make the distribution of the anode material and the conductive agent more uniform as much as possible, which is more favorable for forming a conductive network and reducing the current when the current is large. The problem arises from the excessive local polarization. In addition, SEM can also see whether the particles on the surface of the pole piece are broken or agglomerated; in addition, the longitudinal section of the negative electrode piece can be analyzed to analyze whether the negative electrode material is evenly distributed in the longitudinal direction, etc. The comparison of different materials can sum up relevant experience and bring corresponding guidance to subsequent mass production.

3, porosity:

The porosity of the pole piece is related to the amount of subsequent electrolyte addition, and is also related to electrical properties. At present, the measurement is generally a mercury intrusion test or a liquid filling test, and the porosity of the pole piece is calculated by subsequent calculation. Through this index, there is a preliminary distinction between the physical properties of different anode materials. If the porosity is too large, it is necessary to consider increasing the compaction density of the material. If the porosity is too small, it is necessary to consider extending the battery during subsequent injection. The rest time and so on.

4, surface resistance:

Surface resistance is also called surface specific resistance. An important data characterizing the electrical properties of dielectric or insulating materials. It represents the electrical resistance produced by the dielectric surface of each square area versus the leakage current of the opposite sides of the square. The unit is ohm. The magnitude of the surface resistance is determined by the structure and composition of the dielectric, as well as the voltage, temperature, surface condition of the material, processing conditions, and ambient humidity. Environmental humidity has a great influence on the surface resistance of the dielectric. The greater the surface resistance, the better the insulation performance.

7 large rational production processes allow the negative electrode to perform its own electrical properties

Of course, the data of the test is also as small as possible. By comparing the surface resistivities of different materials and different conductive agents, some suitable ratios and processing techniques can be obtained, which can be used as a test parameter in the production process for batch inspection. And recorded data.

5, liquid absorption performance:

It is related to the porosity of the pole piece and the surface state of the material. Generally, a small amount of electrolyte is added to the surface of the negative electrode in the drying room, and the time when the electrolyte completely disappears is recorded. Statistics are used to guide the production process.

6, contact angle:

Refers to the tangent of the gas-liquid interface at the intersection of gas, liquid and solid three phases. The angle θ between the tangent and the solid-liquid boundary is the measure of the degree of wetting, the wetting process and The interfacial tension of the system is related. A drop of liquid falls on the horizontal solid surface. When equilibrium is reached, the contact angle formed and the interfacial tension meet the following Young's formula:

γ = γ + γ × cos θ

1) When θ = 0, completely wet;

2) partially wet or wet when θ < 90°;

3) When θ=90°, it is the boundary line of wetting or not;

4) when θ>90°, no wetting;

5) When θ = 180°, it does not wet at all.

7 large rational production processes allow the negative electrode to perform its own electrical properties

7 large rational production processes allow the negative electrode to perform its own electrical properties

For the negative electrode material itself, the wetting is better, this value may not be measured, but when the porosity is relatively low, it is possible to measure the contact angle. This parameter can compare different electrolyte materials and negative electrode. Infiltration performance is of a certain significance.

7, rebound performance:

With the increasing energy density of ion batteries, the coating amount and compaction density of the negative electrode are also higher and higher. Therefore, the negative electrode sheet has a certain degree from the completion of the production of the negative electrode sheet to the completion of the finished battery. The degree of rebound, so it is necessary to record the thickness of the negative electrode at different stages, generally record the thickness after crushing, drying, and full power dissection, in order to monitor whether the thickness change of the negative electrode is abnormal, through the batch difference Consider the consistency of production.

Summary: Through the series of tests of the negative pole piece, the basic physical properties of the negative electrode piece can be obtained. Of course, these indicators need to be combined with the subsequent electrical properties to comprehensively describe the comprehensive performance of a negative electrode material. Yes, the cathode material is also suitable for these test techniques.

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