The RF or microwave power meter can be divided into two types according to the connection mode in the test system: terminal type and pass type.
The terminal type power meter uses the power meter probe as the terminal load of the test system, and the power meter absorbs all the power to be tested, and the power indicator directly reads the power value. Terminal power meters are often used to test small signals due to the need to absorb the full incident power.
The terminal power meter has the following features:
(1) In the common RF and microwave power measuring instruments, the terminal meter power meter has the highest amplitude measurement accuracy, which exceeds the spectrum analyzer or signal analyzer. The typical measurement accuracy can reach ±1.6%.
(2) Cannot measure high power. The upper limit is usually +20 dBm and the lower limit is about -60 dBm.
(3) The average power, peak power, burst power, etc. of various modulated signals can be measured.
Through the power meter, it uses some kind of coupling device, such as directional coupler, coupling loop, probe, etc., to couple a part of the power from the transmitted power to a certain proportion, and send it to the power meter to measure the total power transmitted equal to the power. The indicator value is multiplied by the scale factor. The industry pioneer of the pass-through power meter is Bird, and the elderly of RF microwave should know. The following figure is a block diagram of a typical pass-through power meter:
Main features of the pass-through power meter
(1) Pass-through power meter has high power measurement capability. In theory, as long as the transmission line can pass the power, the pass-through power meter can measure. Therefore, the power of kilowatts on the radio and television is measured by a pass-through power meter.
(2) It is difficult to achieve broadband by a power meter, which is due to the limitation of the directional coupler inside.
(3) Pass-through power meters cannot be used for too small power measurements due to the degree of coupling of the directional coupler. This and the terminal power meter have their own strengths.
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