Now is a time of the Internet, in this network era, we will apply to this network everywhere. Whether we use a variety of electronic devices to work or shop online, whether it is entertainment or learning, we need such a network. For the network, we can understand that as long as the device is connected to the Internet, there will be an ip address, this ip address has private and public points. For the ip address, there are many versions, like ipv4 and ipv6.
Recently, the work of promoting the popularization of IPv6 in the country has been officially launched. Over the years, IPv6 has been repeatedly called for universal access, and it is finally coming.
The concept of IPv6What is IPv6? Simple understanding is a new IP address protocol, which assigns a corresponding "house number" to each networked device to help each user find the corresponding Internet application.
At present, the main "house number" uses IPv4, such as the commonly used router address "192.168.1.1", but this address is only 32 bits (2 to the 32th power), and can only accommodate up to 4 billion "house number". It accommodates tens of billions of terminal devices.
IPv6 has 128 bits and has tens of billions of address capacity that can be said to "equate an IP to every sand in the earth." However, this "looking beautiful" protocol cannot interoperate with the old protocol IPv4, which leads to ICP and operators need to change their blood in order to upgrade, which is a huge cost. An industry insider revealed that "the optical operators have to reinvent the trillions of investments in IPv4 infrastructure facilities for more than a decade."
However, in the absence of sufficient "house number", the operator has adopted a dynamic IP mode, similar to the sharing of IP pools. "There are more than 7 million IPs in Guangdong Province. In fact, many people share an IP network every day." Zhang Yiru, CEO of Ai Media Consulting, told the Southern Reporter. "In fact, it fully meets the needs of users to access specific Internet content, but it is impossible to determine that an IP is someone."
Therefore, both ICP and operators feel that it is “not necessary†to spend money. However, communication expert Xiang Ligang did not think so. He told Southern Reporter: "IPv4 is developing in the United States, and its IP resources are the largest. The driving force for promoting IPv6 is not great, but China is more urgently needed." Zhang Yi It is said that China does not currently have an IPv4 root server. "The root server is the transit point for any network access command and is the dominant position of the network world. If you upgrade IPv6, the global root server is far from enough. China is the most used network user. Countries have more opportunities to participate."
There are a lot of misunderstandings about IPv6 on the Internet. Here are some examples.1. IPv6 is not yet available for production environments
IPv6 has been in development for 20 years, and the initial work was started in 1992, called "IP Next GeneraTIon", which was standardized as IPv6 in 1998. It was deployed on the Internet in 2008, and the 2008 Olympic Games server supports IPv6. On June 8, 2011, several large websites began testing IPv6-enabled, called "World IPv6 Day." So IPv6 is time-tested and can be formally commercialized.
2. IPv6 will destroy my network
IPv6 is not a patch for IPv4, it is a new protocol that can be transmitted on the same network cable. It does not require you to disable IPv4, so you don't need to make changes to your existing network. You can deploy both IPv6 and IPv4 in your network.
3. IPv6 is difficult to use
The biggest difference between IPv6 and IPv4 is that the address length of IPv6 is four times that of IPv4, and the number of addresses has been counted many times. You might think that the IPv6 address is too hard to remember, but it has the same structure as IPv4, with the subnet plus the host. You can read an IPv6 address as "Host 7 in Subnet 2." Although there are many numbers in your address, that doesn't mean you can't fill it with zeros.
4. Users will hate me
Most users will not notice IPv4 or IPv6. Most PC operating systems and browsers support IPv6. IPv6 supports those protocols supported by IPv4, such as TCP and UDP. It also resolves addresses via DNS, which means that IPv6 is transparent to you as long as you are not using an IP address.
5. IPv6 is not safe
IPv6 does not require NAT because of the sufficient address. This is a good thing. NAT hides the structure inside the LAN. But NAT is equivalent to the security of firewall rules. A bad security rule is equal to no rule. NAT is not built for security, it is just a compromise to extend IPv4 life. Like many compromises, it has side effects. NAT makes it difficult for administrators and intruders to understand the network structure. The scary thing about IPv6 is that it makes the public aware that NAT is the king who didn't wear clothes!
6. IPv6 is born safe.
It is always rumored that IPv6 is more secure than IPv4 because it supports IPSec VPN. But IPSec only works when you set it up, and IPv4 also supports it. IPSec does not make IPv6 more secure than IPv4. But this rumor is not completely wrong. At least IPv6's address range makes address scanning much more difficult than IPv4.
7. Do not rush to deploy IPv6
The Internet has evolved to this day, and we have faced a problem. Some places - especially Asia - have no new IP addresses to use. People still have access to the Internet, because the ISP uses NAT. But using NAT on IPv4 is a lot more troublesome than migrating to IPv6. Many regions with fast-growing economies are facing the problem of lack of IPv4 addresses, and they have strong demand to migrate to IPv6.
8. I am about to deploy IPv6 soon.
Even though IPv6 has been widely deployed, IPv4 will not disappear immediately. IPv4 will still exist on the Internet for a long time, especially for intranets. IPv4 will exist in parallel with IPv6.
9. No one is using IPv6
After the "WOrld IPv6 Day" in 2011, the "World IPv6 Launch" was ushered in 2012. Most of the major websites are already running on IPv6. Many ISP and router vendors have joined this initiative to make IPv6 more accessible. After World IPv6 Launch, anyone can use IPv6.
10. I am not using IPv6.
This is probably the most serious of all misunderstandings. Most operating systems support IPv6 and are enabled by default. If you think your network does not support IPv6, chances are you don't know. Even if you turn off IPv6 routing, a pipe protocol like Teredo can have a host with a common IPv6 address, even behind a NAT.
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