The long-life electrolytic capacitor surge voltage refers to the instantaneous over-voltage that exceeds the normal voltage in the circuit, and can be loaded to the maximum voltage of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor in a short period of time. The surge voltage in the high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor is generally 1.10 times of the rated voltage, which is to ensure The aluminum electrolytic capacitor is not broken by the high voltage that occurs instantaneously in the circuit during use.
Surge voltage protection----Introduction to surgeIn electronic design, the surge mainly refers to the powerful pulse generated by the power supply (only the power supply) has just turned on, because the nonlinearity of the circuit itself may be higher than the pulse of the power supply itself; or due to the power supply or the circuit Other parts are called surges by themselves or by external spikes. It is likely to cause the circuit to burn out at the moment of the surge, such as PN junction capacitance breakdown, resistance burnout, and so on. Surge protection is a protection circuit that uses high-frequency (surge) sensitive design of nonlinear components. Simple and commonly used is parallel size capacitor and series inductor.
The time generated by the surge is very short, probably in the order of picoseconds. When a surge occurs, the magnitude of the voltage and current exceeds twice the normal value. Since the input filter capacitor is quickly charged, this peak current is much larger than the steady state input current. The power supply should limit the level of surge that AC switches, rectifier bridges, fuses, and EMI filter components can withstand. Repeatedly switching the loop, the AC input voltage should not damage the power supply or cause the fuse to blow.
Surge voltage protection----protection device1, diode-type protection (such as transient voltage suppression diode TVS) it can be divided into Zener type one-way avalanche breakdown; bidirectional silicon varistor. One-way TVS devices are mostly used for DC output protection; bidirectional TVS is suitable for AC circuits.
2, thyristor type protection device: it is divided into control gate type devices (such as SCR, TRLAO). Most of them are used for voltage overload protection at the output of the power supply; control current-maintaining bidirectional two-terminal devices (CSSPD) are especially suitable for protection against lightning surges. .
3, other protective components, gas discharge tube, it can not be used to protect low-voltage circuits; is an oxide varistor (such as ZnO varistor), not suitable for IC circuits.
1, the choice of varistor, for overload protection, the varistor value should be greater than the actual circuit voltage value.
2 The selection of the gas discharge tube, the impact breakdown voltage of the discharge tube is lower than the impact discharge voltage of the protected device at any time.
3, the selection of TVS tube, the rated maximum pulse power must be greater than the maximum instantaneous surge power appearing in the circuit.
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