In the first quarter of 2018, several heavy documents in the field of power system reform were released. The information released by the new regulations is affecting the parties and triggering many interpretations. Behind it is the industry's special focus on the key areas of electricity reform, such as the distribution of electricity business, the trading business scope of trading institutions, transmission and distribution prices, local area networks and incremental distribution networks. attention.
Over the past three years, China's power system reform has continued to advance in depth. In 2017, the national market-oriented transaction power accumulated 1.63 trillion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 45%. In the first quarter of this year, market-based transactions continued to be active. Only in Yunnan Province, the market power of electricity market transactions reached 19.5 billion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 30%.
However, it was tempered and it began to be jade. In the first quarter of the field of electricity reform, the effectiveness of market-oriented energy resource allocation gradually appeared, and the relevant rules for refining indicators and landing responsibilities were intensively released. How to continuously make the market play a decisive role in resource allocation, how to better play the role of the government is still the key to the pursuit of the power system reform process in China.
Accelerate the reform of the distribution power and improve the supporting policies for the reform of the incremental power distribution business. This year's guidance on energy work pointed out that it will vigorously promote the first batch of 106 and the second batch of 89 incremental power distribution business reform pilots, starting the third Batch incremental power distribution business reform pilot work.
As the "key link" of reform, transmission and distribution prices have always received much attention. At the beginning of the new year, the promulgation of the "two measures and one opinion" and the subsequent release of the cost accounting system for transmission and distribution services are considered to be the national sign of comprehensive supervision of the transmission and distribution price.
In fact, as early as the end of 2017, the National Development and Reform Commission had introduced the pricing guidelines for regional power grids, inter-provincial and trans-regional special project transmission prices, and the distribution pricing of local power grids and incremental distribution networks, and deepened the reform of transmission and distribution prices.
In 2018, the pilot work of incremental power distribution business reforms has taken substantial steps. Shandong Province has determined that six regions including Jinan High-tech Zone Intelligent Equipment City will carry out pilot reforms of incremental power distribution services, while Jiangsu Province will The placing company issued the first power supply business license outside the grid company.
Subsequently, the notice of adjusting the transmission price and the implementation of the single electricity price in the first supervision period of Ningdong DC and other special projects was announced. The notice defines the price structure of electricity purchasers participating in the electricity market through the inter-provincial and inter-regional special projects. The industry generally believes that this is an important signal for the government to actively promote inter-provincial cross-regional power market transactions. The scientific and standardized transparent transmission and distribution price supervision system is gradually being established.
On March 13th, the “Implementation Measures for the Distribution of Distribution Areas of Incremental Distribution Services (Trial)†was issued, which clearly defined the incremental distribution service area and determined the uniqueness, regionality and consistency of the distribution area. Within a distribution area, only one sales company can own the distribution network. It can be foreseen that in the future with a policy basis, the planning dilemma of the incremental power distribution area will be easier to break through, and the reform pilot work will be more steadily advanced.
Key breakthroughs in market-based trading of distributed generationFrom the end of 2017 to the first quarter of 2018, the relevant policies for the pilotization of distributed power generation market transactions were intensively introduced.
Firstly, the notice for the pilot of distributed power generation market-oriented trading for 8 months was officially released, which defined the transaction items, trading mechanism, trading mode, network fee collection standards, and pilot regional programs.
As a new regulation that the industry is eagerly awaiting, the key breakthrough of the notice is to clarify the “over-network fee†for distributed power generation projects and power users. That is, distributed power generation projects and power users conduct direct power transactions, paying to the grid companies. Net fee". In addition, the notice also encourages distributed power generation projects to adopt multi-energy complementary methods to build and install energy storage facilities.
In March, the draft of the distributed power generation management method was released, which further provided favorable policy support for market-based trading of distributed power generation. The management measures actively promoted the three types of distributed power generation market-oriented trading options specified in the Supplementary Notice on the Pilot Project for Distributed Power Generation Marketization, namely, distributed power generation and power trading of nearby power users in the distribution network. The project can directly exchange electricity with power users, or entrust power grid companies to sell electricity, or use full-time Internet access. It also pointed out that enterprises, specialized energy service companies and all types of power users, including individuals, can invest in the construction and operation of distributed power generation projects, exempting the power generation business license for distributed power generation projects.
In the first quarter, China's distributed power generation market-oriented transactions have been good news. When will the “sold wall sales†be realized? Will distributed power generation experience explosive growth? The implementation of the new regulations is worth looking forward to.
Market-based transaction implementation steps enter the specification phaseIn addition to the issuance of heavy documents such as the “Implementation Measures for the Distribution of Power Distribution Areas (Trial)†and “Distributed Power Generation Management Measures (Draft for Comment)â€, there are a number of implementation rules in the field of power market transactions in the first quarter. The new rules and regulations are released into the intensive stage, and the implementation steps of the electricity marketization transaction that reflects “encourage → standardization → deepening†are gradually entering the “normative†stage.
On January 30th, as one of the important trading markets for China's power reform, the Beijing Electric Power Trading Center issued a draft for the implementation of the inter-provincial medium- and long-term trading rules. Among them, the market members, market access and exit, transaction types and organization methods, basic transaction requirements, annual trading organization, monthly trading organization, price mechanism, contract management, deviation power settlement and assessment have made clear provisions.
At the same time, local governments are also actively promoting electricity market transactions.The basic rules for medium- and long-term trading of electricity, which was released as early as the end of 2016, have stipulated the relevant details of the medium- and long-term trading rules of electricity. At that time, all provinces have formulated corresponding basic rules for electricity market transactions according to local conditions. However, the attitudes of the provinces to the definition of inter-provincial transactions and market entities at that time were different. The local trading rules issued in this round began to point to issues related to inter-provincial barriers and market subject restrictions.
The National Energy Administration North China Regulatory Authority (Office) and other four departments issued notices to deepen the medium and long-term trading of power grids in Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan, and the three cities linked together to conduct medium- and long-term power transactions within the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan grid. Medium- and long-term transactions are carried out in a unified and orderly manner. Accessible power generation enterprises, large electric power users, and power sales enterprises can participate in annual bilateral transactions including direct transactions and inter-provincial cross-regional transactions.
In the latest version of the power market trading rules of Fujian, “the selling company with the right to operate the incremental distribution network can bear the electricity fee collection and settlement business in the distribution area, and collect the distribution fee according to the power distribution price approved by the governmentâ€. It means that the distribution company can refer to the responsibility of the grid company to settle the electricity bill in the distribution network.
Rationally on the spiraling reform roadIn January of this year, at the seminar on trading rules of the power spot market in the south (starting in Guangdong), the participants reached a consensus to adhere to the market-oriented design principles and choose the rules from the market. At the same time, it is necessary to recognize that the market cannot solve all problems, and it cannot solve market problems at one time.
“There is no best market, only the market that is most suitable for Guangdongâ€. It should be gradual, combine the current medium and long-term trading rules with the future spot market, and consider the safety, continuity, practicability and scientificity of the market. Considering the environmental conditions of the market, the willingness of the main body and the understanding of the market, we will jointly build the electricity spot market that is most suitable for Guangdong.
On March 23, "Renewable Energy Power Quota and Assessment Measures (Draft for Comment)" "Guiding Opinions on Improving the Regulating Ability of Power System" was released simultaneously within one day, focusing on promoting the implementation of mandatory quotas and assessment of renewable energy power. Ways to improve power system regulation and operational efficiency.
It is not difficult to see that the top-level design takes into account the overall consideration of all levels of elements in the power system reform. On the one hand, it will continue to accelerate the construction of the electricity market, substantially increase the proportion of electricity market transactions, and establish a market-oriented institutional system to promote new energy consumption. On the one hand, it is necessary to set quotas and assessments for power market trading entities such as power grid enterprises and self-sufficient power plants, and guide market entities to prioritize renewable energy power transactions.
From squatting to rationality, from exposing problems to making progress, reforms are not a day's work.
The pigtail refers to an optical fiber or optical cable with an optical fiber connector installed at one end and an optical fiber or optical cable at the other end. Divide an optical jumper into two to become two optical pigtails. Optical pigtails are usually used for the end of the optical path (such as the actual test result box of the terminal point pair, the splice tray in the wiring equipment, etc.). Or the extraction of optical devices (such as optical splitters, lasers, detectors, etc.). The pigtail length is usually no more than 2 meters.
Same as the optical jumper, when the connecting wire is an optical cable (mostly indoor optical cable), it is called an optical fiber pigtail, and when the connecting wire is an optical fiber (usually a tight-buffered optical fiber), it is called an optical fiber pigtail. There is no special product standard for optical pigtails. Most buyers and sellers switch to "arbitrary type" in the form of optical patch cords when they deliver. The quality acceptance is the same as optical patch cords, which also apply optical fiber movable connector standards.
Pigtails are divided into multi-mode pigtails and single-mode pigtails. The multimode pigtail is orange, the wavelength is 850nm, the transmission distance is 5Km, and it is used for short-distance interconnection. The single-mode pigtail is yellow, with two wavelengths, 1310nm and 1550nm, and transmission distances of 10km and 40km, respectively.
Fiber is an important component of the optical communication system, which is mainly used to realize the two functions of the interconnection of the optical ports between the devices and the interconnection of the device and the fiber core of the optical cable. Different from conventional cables, the pigtail core wire has the characteristics of easy breakage and weak tensile performance, and there is no mature on-site processing plan for the interface components, and it is impossible to make a pigtail with a suitable length on site according to the actual distance. Therefore, in practical applications, the pigtails are usually factory-processed and manufactured according to a certain nominal length series. When installing and constructing on site, engineers can choose pigtails that are longer than the actual distance. Because pigtails have the characteristics of discretization and easy damage, pigtail reeling is the core link in the installation, return and storage of pigtails.
The inner core of the pigtail uses silica glass filaments to carry the optical path. The body is fragile and easy to break. The main line is usually a 48-core ADSS optical cable. These pigtails need to be sheathed in a corrugated tube and placed in the floor compartment or cable sandwich. There is no effective tool assistance in the traditional pigtail threading method, and the operation and maintenance personnel adopt the traditional brute force method to pass the pigtail through the corrugated tube, which causes more fiber jumper damage and high probability of service interruption.
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