Recently, the Office of the US Trade Representative published a 301 investigation report on China, and announced a list of China's imported products that proposed to impose tariffs, which triggered a period of tension between China and the United States. How to objectively analyze the report and the problems reflected in the report, and actively respond to it. On April 5, our reporter interviewed Zhao Changwen, Minister of Industrial Economics Research, Development Research Center of the State Council.
"The 301 investigation initiated by the US is nominally to protect US companies from unequal treatment in terms of technology transfer, market access, investment, etc., in essence, after the economic power of the two countries contrasts and the competitive situation changes, the United States The strategy of China's high-tech industry and advanced manufacturing is curbed and suppressed.†Zhao Changwen pointed out that the US 301 investigation report directly pointed to the “Made in China 2025†issued by China in 2015, which revealed the focus of the US attention. The top ten key areas planned in “Made in China 2025†are basically high-tech industries and advanced manufacturing industries. The US is worried that China will form mature technological capabilities and advanced manufacturing capabilities in these areas in the future, which will have a comparative advantage with the United States. The technology sector creates direct competition and threatens the US's leading edge.
Zhao Changwen believes that from the process of 301 report investigation and conclusion, it shows a strong subjectivity and inclination, and it is an interpretation of American and Western styles and even misunderstanding. The survey is basically based on questionnaires and subjective assessments of some American companies, as well as the collection of planning and research views issued by the Chinese government and some research institutions, lacking a large number of facts and data as a realistic basis. For example, using a lot of "reported" words should be said to be neither accurate nor rigorous. Many academic articles and public reports are cited. Some reports are based on certain hypothetical basic research results and cannot be used as objective and powerful investigation evidence. Some of the policies mentioned in the report have already been adjusted and can no longer be used as a basis for evaluation.
"From the content of the report, many of the issues raised are not violations of multilateral or bilateral trade agreements or relevant national laws and regulations." For example, Zhao Changwen said that the US 301 investigation report confused planning with industrial policies and made "Made in China." 2025â€, “National Medium- and Long-Term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020)â€, “National Innovation Driven Development Strategy Outline†and other guiding and advocating strategic plans are interpreted as national major industrial policies, and there is no accurate distinction between the two. And the difference in execution effectiveness.
Zhao Changwen said that "Made in China 2025" is a strategic plan that adheres to market-led, open and inclusive. At the beginning of planning and research, we established the guiding ideology of persisting in playing a decisive role in the allocation of resources in the market; adhering to the concept of innovation, intelligence, green and sustainable development; adhering to the idea of ​​open cooperation and mutual benefit. The Chinese government has always emphasized that "Made in China 2025" is an open system with universal applicability. On many occasions, Chinese national leaders have repeatedly stressed that "Made in China 2025" treats Chinese and foreign companies equally and welcomes foreign companies to participate in the development of China's manufacturing industry. At present, in the "Made in China 2025" intelligent manufacturing, green manufacturing and other engineering construction, there are companies from the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom and many other countries and regions to participate in cooperation.
"The US 301 investigation report has a misunderstanding and misinterpretation of the positioning and guiding principles of 'Made in China 2025'." Zhao Changwen pointed out that in particular, "Made in China 2025" is entirely led by the Chinese government and implemented by foreign companies. Compulsory technology transfer is a conditional market access, so that even the core technology is stolen, and the unfair treatment of foreign companies is an interpretation of American logic and a distortion of facts.
Zhao Changwen believes that we must maintain strategic strength and accelerate the implementation of "Made in China 2025" in accordance with pre-set goals and rhythms to promote the high-quality development of manufacturing. In the key areas of advanced manufacturing, in line with international rules and practices, we must increase our support: First, we will continue to support the weak links in the industrial technology and the core technology research and development in the frontier areas of the future. The WTO rules are also common practice in various countries; the second is to use the inclusive tax policy, the tax incentives for all Chinese and foreign companies to develop tax incentives, and the space to be tapped; the third is for public R&D platforms, laboratories, and The public links such as the trial link and the industrial Internet will be further strengthened. Fourth, integrate education and training resources in all aspects of society, increase personnel training and training for advanced manufacturing development requirements, promote human capital improvement, and build high-quality manufacturing talents. Team.
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