Iphone 4 mobile phone uses STMicroelectronics' MEMS (micro-motor system) gyro chip, which contains a miniature magnetic body inside the chip, which can be used under the action of Coriolis force in the rotary motion of the mobile phone to X, Y, Z III. The displacement occurs in one direction, and the movement direction of the mobile phone can be measured by this principle. And the other part of the chip core can be related to the sensing
The working principle of the first and third axis gyroscopeThree-axis gyroscope: Simultaneously measure the position in six directions, move the trajectory, and accelerate. A single axis can only measure the amount in one direction, that is, one system requires three gyroscopes, and one of the three axes can replace three single axes. The 3-axis has a small volume, light weight, simple structure and good reliability, and is a development trend of the laser gyro .
Figure 1 Principle of three-axis gyroscope
Built-in three-axis gyroscope in the latest iPhone 4, it can work with the accelerator and compass, can achieve 6-axis direction sensing, the more use of the three-axis gyroscope will be reflected in GPS and game effects. In general, after using a three-axis gyroscope, the navigation software can add a precise speed display, which is a powerful impact for the existing GPS navigation. At the same time, the gravity sensing feature of the game is more powerful and intuitive, and the game effect will be greatly improved. Upgrade. This feature allows the phone to continue to navigate the user with the direction and magnitude of the acceleration perceived by the gyroscope as it enters the tunnel to lose GPS signals . The three-axis gyroscope will be combined with the iPhone's original distance sensor, light sensor, and direction sensor to bring the iPhone 4's human-computer interaction function to a new level.
Second, three-axis gyroscope applicationIn engineering, a gyroscope is an instrument capable of accurately determining the orientation of a moving object. It is an inertial navigation instrument widely used in modern aviation, navigation, aerospace and defense industries . Its development is in a country's industry. The development of national defense and other high technologies is of great strategic importance. The traditional inertial gyro mainly refers to the mechanical gyroscope. The mechanical gyroscope has high requirements on the process structure and the structure is complex, and its precision is restricted by many aspects. Since the 1970s, the development of modern gyroscopes has entered a new stage. 1976 University of Utah and the United States Vali Shorthill proposed basic assumptions of modern fiber optic gyro, the Eighties, modern fiber optic gyroscope get a very rapid development, at the same time the laser resonator gyro has been greatly development of. Since the optical fiber gyroscope has a compact, high sensitivity, reliable, etc., the present fiber optic gyroscope in many areas has completely replaced the conventional mechanical gyro, a modern instrument navigation key member. And the development of the fiber optic gyroscope in addition to ring laser gyros, as well as modern integrated vibrating gyroscope, the degree of integration of integrated vibrating gyroscope having more, smaller, a modern gyro is important The direction of development.
Modern fiber optic gyroscopes include both interferometric gyroscopes and resonant gyroscopes, all based on Segnik's theory. Sege Ni g theoretical point is such that: when a light beam advances in an annular channel, the annular channel itself, if having a rotational speed, then the time of passage of light along the forward direction of rotation than along the desired path It takes more time to move in the opposite direction. That is to say, when the optical loop rotates, the optical path of the optical loop changes with respect to the optical path of the loop at rest in different forward directions. By using this change in optical path , if the speed of the loop is measured by interfering with the light traveling in different directions, an interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope can be manufactured, if the change of the optical path of the loop is utilized. achieve interference between light continuously circulated in a loop, i.e. by adjusting the resonance frequency of the optical fiber loop and thus the rotational speed of the measurement loop can be manufactured in a resonant fiber optic gyroscope. It can be seen from this simple introduction that the interferometric gyroscope has a small optical path difference in realizing interference, so the required light source can have a large spectral width, and the resonant gyroscope realizes interference when it The optical path difference is large, so the light source required by it must have good monochromaticity.
In 2010, Apple innovatedly placed a “three-axis gyroscope†in the new iPhone 4, making the iPhone's direction sensing more intelligent. From then on, the phone also has an “induction†like an airplane. In what position."
Third, the three-axis gyroscope in the iphone mobile phoneA gyroscope is a device used to measure or maintain direction based on the principle of conservation of angular momentum. The point of this sentence is to measure or maintain direction, which is why the iPhone 4 is equipped with such devices. The iPhone 4 uses a miniature, electronic vibrating gyroscope, also known as a microelectromechanical gyroscope. The iPhone 4 is the world's first mobile phone with a built-in MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) three-axis gyroscope that senses motion, acceleration, and angle changes from six directions.
Iphone 4 mobile phone uses STMicroelectronics' MEMS (micro-motor system) gyro chip, which contains a miniature magnetic body inside the chip, which can be used under the action of Coriolis force in the rotary motion of the mobile phone to X, Y, Z III. The displacement occurs in one direction, and the movement direction of the mobile phone can be measured by this principle . The other part of the chip core can convert the relevant sensor data into a digital format that the iPhone 4 can recognize.
Figure 2 Apple's three-axis gyroscope chip
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are embedded systems that integrate electronic and mechanical components in a small space. A basic MEMS device consists of an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and a micromachined silicon sensor. When the user rotates the mobile phone, the Coriolis force (Coriolis force) is used for the lower, deviated in X, Y and Z axes. The ASIC processor senses the offset of the mass to be inspected through its lower capacitor plate and the finger capacitance at the edge .
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